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U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio cautioned Tuesday that Syria’s transitional leadership could fall within weeks, potentially plunging the nation back into a catastrophic civil war. He defended President Donald Trump’s move to end sanctions on Damascus and pursue renewed engagement with the Syrian regime.

“It is our assessment that, frankly, the transitional authority, given the challenges they’re facing, are maybe weeks, not many months, away from potential collapse and a full-scale civil war of epic proportions—basically the country splitting up,” Rubio told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Tuesday.

Rubio made the remarks amid heightened tensions, as Russia’s top diplomat accused extremist groups in Syria of carrying out acts of ethnic cleansing, and reports surfaced about a possible assault on a major Russian airbase.

“Radical militant groups are carrying out real ethnic cleansing, mass killings of people based on their nationality and religion,” Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said at a reception in Moscow, according to a transcript from the Russian Foreign Ministry. He did not name specific groups.

Russia, a steadfast supporter of ousted Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, continues to operate two military facilities in Syria; the Hmeimim airbase and the Tartus naval port. Assad, who belongs to the Alawite minority, received asylum in Russia after being deposed.

On Tuesday, Syrian and Russian sources reported an attack on the Hmeimim base, situated in the northwest coastal region of Syria. Once a stronghold of Assad loyalists, the area has seen escalating sectarian clashes since March, with reports of hundreds of Alawite deaths.

A Syrian security official based in Latakia stated that the motivation behind the assault on the base, which has served as a refuge for displaced Alawites, remains unknown. An investigation is ongoing.

Military Informer, a pro-Russian Telegram channel, posted video footage it claimed showed an exchange of fire between Russian forces and Syrian fighters at the base. Independent verification of the video was not available.

Earlier this month, President Trump authorized the lifting of long-standing U.S. sanctions initially imposed during Assad’s time in power, marking a major change in American policy toward the region.